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Indian Institute of Technology - Roorkee is among the foremost of institutes of national importance in higher technological education and in basic and applied research. Since its establishment, the Institute has played a vital role in providing the technical manpower and know-how to the country and in pursuit of research. The Institute ranks amongst the best technological institutions in the world and has contributed to all sectors of technological development. It has also been considered a trend-setter in the area of education and research in the field of science, technology, and engineering. Heritage: The College was established in year 1847 as the first engineering college in the British Empire.[3] The College was renamed as The Thomason College of Civil Engineering in 1854. It was given the status of University by Act No. IX of 1948 of the United Province (Uttar Pradesh) in recognition of its performance, potential and keeping in view the needs of post-independent India. Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, presented the Charter in November 1949, elevating the erstwhile college to the First Engineering University of Independent India.[citation needed] Since its establishment, the University has played a vital role in providing the technical manpower, know-how and pursuit of research to the country. It ranks among the top technological institutions in the world and has contributed to all sectors of technological development. It has also been considered a trendsetter in the area of education, research, and the field of science, technology, and engineering. On 21 September 2001, the University was declared an "Institute of National Importance", by a bill passed in the Indian Parliament, changing its status from University of Roorkee to Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee.